A recent Brookings Institution report looks at the nearly 30-year impact of manufacturing's global realignment on US metropolitan areas, finding those with the highest dependence on manufacturing were impacted in several negative ways in addition to the losses in manufacturing. In particular, the resilience of the most manufacturing-centered economies — their ability to transition employment into other sectors — was particularly poor, many experiencing below national average growth in jobs and wages. Brookings reports only 3 of the 114 metro areas in the study exceeded the national averages for both jobs and wages: Charlotte, Manchester and Portland, ME.