Open Source Software: The New Intellectual Property Paradigm
According to the authors, open source style of software development remedies a defect of intellectual property protection, namely, that it does not generally require or encourage disclosure of source code. The authors review a considerable body of survey evidence and theory that seeks to explain why developers participate in open source collaborations instead of keeping their code proprietary, and evaluates the extent to which open source may improve welfare compared to proprietary development.
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Link
http://papers.nber.org/papers/W12148