policy recommendations

Last week, the White House released a comprehensive national strategy to guide federal investments and collaborations with the private sector in the life sciences. The National Bioeconomy Blueprint identifies five strategic objectives that will inform administration efforts to boost the bioeconomy. Key among these objectives is the expansion of foundational, cross-disciplinary research, which will require improved funding mechanisms that are flexible enough to support many kinds of collaborations and that encourage high-risk/high-reward research.

Talented human capital is singled out as the most critical resource differentiating the prosperity of countries and companies in the manufacturing sector, according to a new report from the World Economic Forum. Even as unemployment remains high across the globe, an average 10 million jobs cannot be filled because of a growing skills gap. Experts say the problem is likely to worsen as more skilled workers retire. The report highlights key trends that will define manufacturing competition over the next 20 years.

U.S. community colleges are in dire need of an overhaul, according to a report issued by the 21st Century Commission on the Future of Community Colleges. Currently, fewer than half (46 percent) of all student who enter community college with the goal of earning a degree or certificate achieve that goal. About 60 percent of students entering community college after high school must take developmental education classes to prepare for college-level work.

Amid the great debate over which metrics matter, most practitioners agree that consistently measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of economic development programs is critical for success and sustainability. A new report by the Pew Center on the States found that half of the states with tax incentive programs do not take the basic steps needed to know whether or not they are effective. The study identified 13 states with good assessments, 12 with mixed results, and 26 not meeting any criteria for scope or quality of evaluation.

Prize competitions have played a prominent role in the Obama administration's innovation policy since the launch of the federal challenge.gov site in 2010. By announcing national Grand Challenges and allowing federal agencies to create their own prize competitions to encourage work in strategic areas, the administration has been able to generate interest and valuable contributions from a wide variety of untapped sources of innovation.

“Disinvestment in public education and increasing costs are pricing low-income students out of an education,” according to a new report from Demos.org — The Great Cost Shift: How Higher Education Cuts Undermine the Future Middle Class. Over the last two decades, the authors highlight a trend of state disinvestment has shifted the cost education from state governments to students and their families. The result of this trend is students and their families are paying and/or borrowing a significantly more for a college.

Since the Great Recession, Government agencies in partnership with universities, for-profit and nonprofit other organizations have undertaken new efforts and developed new initiative to increase the number of small businesses in their region or state that are exporting and increase the value of exports for those small businesses that are currently exporting. The Small Business Administration announced the second round of funding for its State Trade and Export Promotion Grant (STEP) Pilot Grant Initiative. The Development Corporation announced Pure Michigan Export Now pilot program.

Most state economic development programs employ quantifiable metrics, but too few report metrics related to job creation and job quality, according to a study and report card released by Good Jobs First. The authors examined 238 economic development subsidy programs in all 50 states and Washington D.C., including corporate income tax credits, cash grants, loans, enterprise zones, worker training grants and other types of programs. Though none of the states scored an "A" in the report ratings, Nevada, North Carolina and Vermont took the top spots.

After its first year of work, India's National Innovation Council has released a report on development of a long-term innovation roadmap. The keystone of this strategy is a Rs 5000 crores ($968,615,000 U.S.) India Inclusive Innovation Fund to support small businesses, paired with an Industry Innovation Cluster Initiative. The report provides background on other Indian initiatives, such as the pilot University Innovation Cluster at the University of Delhi, the country's twenty Design Innovation Centres and the new State Innovation Councils.

U.S. policy prescriptions for manufacturing are in disarray according to Make: an American Manufacturing Movement, a new report from the Council on Competitiveness. Policymakers, the report's authors contend, are bombarded with widely available reports and analysis that support one of three conflicting views (it is on steep decline, doing reasonably well or it is poised for growth) on the health and importance of U.S. manufacturing.