r&d

In response to the Virginia General Assemblys HB2760, the report provides eight recommendations that can build human capital and meet a second strategy that encourages collaboration and partnerships for research and development in Virginia.

The author examines whether for two different levels of technological spillovers, cooperative research and development (R&D) behavior voluntarily arises when firms have communication possibilities. Experimental results indicate that when technological spillovers are complete and subjects communicate, R&D decisions converge to the cooperative level, while in other cases R&D decisions converge towards the Nash equilibrium.

The study tests for the importance of cash flow on investment in fixed capital and research and development (R&D) using firm-level panel data in Great Britain and Germany. Results suggest that financial constraints are more significant in Britain, that they affect the decision to engage in R&D rather than the level of R&D spending by participants, and that consequently the British firms that do engage in R&D are a self-selected group where financing constraints tend to be less binding.

The study tests for the importance of cash flow on investment in fixed capital and research and development (R&D) using firm-level panel data in Great Britain and Germany. Results suggest that financial constraints are more significant in Britain, that they affect the decision to engage in R&D rather than the level of R&D spending by participants, and that consequently the British firms that do engage in R&D are a self-selected group where financing constraints tend to be less binding.

The paper draws on the knowledge-base implicit in ex post evaluations of publicly funded research and development (R&D) and other related conceptual and empirical studies to suggest a framework for the ex ante evaluation of the regional benefits from R&D projects.

The author assesses the properties of scale-free endogenous growth models in presence of use costs for the final users. Findings of the study indicate that under mild conditions use costs decrease the rate of vertical innovation and of overall economic growth.

The authors develop a real options model of research and development (R&D) valuation, which takes into account the uncertainty in the quality of the research output, the time and cost to completion, and the market demand for the R&D output. The model is then applied to study the problem of pharmaceutical under-investment in R&D for vaccines to treat diseases affecting the developing regions of the world.

The paper reviews approaches to the evaluation of economic policy research and discusses the main lessons drawn from a series of International Food Policy Research Institute case studies on ways to heighten and analyze the impact of economic policy research on policy decisions.

The authors address the following questions: Have jobs been transplanted from the U.S.? How significant is this phenomenon and how
sustainable is it? What is the potential impact on future job creation and wage inequality in the U.S.? and How is it likely to impact the real estate sector?

The authors trace the evolution of research and development (R&D) expenditures along the development process using a new global panel data set. The first part shows that R&D effort measured as a share of GDP rises with development at an increasing rate. It then examines how four groups of countries from Latin America, Asia, advanced manufacturing exporters and advanced natural resource abundant countries fare relative to the predicted development trajectory.