The author surveys evidence on the "funding gap" for research and development (R&D). The focus is on financial market reasons for underinvestment in R&D that persist even in the absence of externality-induced underinvestment.
The report proposes a conceptual framework for analyzing how differences in national research and development (R&D) stocks can impact a firms decision to internationalize its R&D activities. A central finding is that the integration of product markets can generate an added incentive to undertake R&D abroad.
The report examines the performance of acquirers of 160 biotechnology firms and finds evidence that generally, the acquirers realize significant positive returns, which is positively correlated with the acquirers access to information about the research and development activities.
Using matched employer-employee longitudal data, the paper analyzes determinants of firm research and development (R&D), and in particular the impact of competition on R&D. Results indicate that competition is likely to contract from R&D expenditures.
A two-stage duopoly model with a research and development (R&D) stage and a technological spillovers and a pricing stage is used to examine the impact of R&D cooperation on prices in experimental duopoly markets. The report concludes that for both spillover levels, the prices are higher in periods where R&D contracts are committed to.
The 2001 survey of industrial research and development (R&D) expenditures from the National Science Foundation (NSF) found that company funding of R&D totaled $181.6 billion in 2001. Before adjusting for inflation, the amount is up from the 2000 total of $180.4 billion. In constant dollars, industrial R&D expenditures declined less than one percent.
The report finds that gaining an understanding of the real and potential economic impact of government investments in research and development has suffered for decades from a lack of rigorous but broadly applicable methodologies for the assessment. The report provides overall guidelines for assessing the economic impacts of technology research program and a review of alternative analytical frameworks, data collection strategies, metrics and impact measures.
The National Science Foundations survey refers to science and engineering expenditures for separately budgeted research and development (R&D). The data was collected from 609 institutions of higher education in the U.S. and outlying areas and the survey coverage was expanded to collect information on R&D about each of the Nations 36 federally funded research and development centers.
The plan lays out guiding principles, commitments and key actions to strengthen the Federal Highway Administrations (FHWA) role as an innovator and leader in national highway research and technology. FHWAs guiding principles and commitments for pursuing these opportunities for improvement are outlined as well.
The report details the universities economic and social impact in 2000 and 2002 and finds that research and technological developments at the universities contribute to creating and growing local industries such as computing, information technology, medical devices, biotechnology and genetics.