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Early Academis Science and the Birth of Industrial Research Laboratories in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry
In this paper, the authors investigate the rise of industrial research laboratories in the U.S. pharmaceutical industry between 1927 and 1946. Evidence suggests that institutional factors, namely the presence of universities dedicated to research, played a significant role in the establishment and diffusion of private pharmaceutical research laboratories.
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Available for purchase at: http://papers.nber.org/papers/W11470