SSTI Digest

Apprenticeships, which will be celebrated during National Apprenticeship Week beginning Nov. 8, are receiving renewed attention and being highlighted as an avenue of economic mobility. Two recent reports highlight the opportunities of apprenticeships, the promise they hold for economic mobility, their expanding reach and a new effort in California to reach 500,000 apprenticeships by the year 2029. Growing out of a local initiative in central Kentucky, the Federation for Advanced Manufacturing Education (FAME) began as a way to build a talent pipeline among Toyota Motor North America and a few other firms and has now grown into a national model of employer-provided training through a network of nearly 400 companies in 13 states. A report from Opportunity America and the Brookings Institution examines the program from the perspective of its benefits for students and what exactly has made it work by examining the oldest and most developed state network – Kentucky FAME. Using data provided by the Kentucky Center for statistics (KYSTATS), the researchers found that FAME participants were much more likely to graduate from their program of study than students from…

In an effort to help Alabamians advance into higher-paying careers and understand how higher income from new careers can establish a path toward self-sufficiency, the state of Alabama and the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta have partnered to launch a new career tool. The Dashboard for Alabamians to Visualize Income Determinations (DAVID) is designed to help low-income workers fearful of the benefits cliff (the sudden loss of public assistance as income increases) attain economic self-sufficiency as they plan for future career development. Gov. Kay Ivey said in a release that the tool will help Alabama reach its attainment goal of adding 500,000 credentialed workers to the workforce by 2025. The governor said Alabama is the first state to take a benefits cliff calculator and merge it with a workforce development career path planner. AlabamaWorks, the state’s workforce development system, outlines the ways in which the tool will help Alabamians. Through DAVID, individuals will be able to understand how much money they will gain through paid employment, map benefits cliffs for in-demand occupations, and visualize how their incomes will increase over time. A video demo of…

New analysis from the World Economic Forum (WEF) forecasts an 85 million global loss in jobs by the year 2025 due to pandemic-induced increase in technology adoption. While social distancing measures such as remote work have already brought many white collar workers into the “future of work,” the quickened pace of technology adoption and automation across all sectors will create greater employment challenges for lower paid and lower skilled workers. The WEF’s Future of Jobs Report 2020 also indicates that the jobs created to work with these new technologies could reach 97 million by 2025. However, business leaders and the public sector must take action to promote equitable workforce development and prepare all workers for the jobs of the future. While the bulk of the report takes a global perspective, the WEF also provides several country-specific profiles. The trends in the U.S. profile indicate that 57.6 percent of companies surveyed are accelerating the automation of tasks in response to the pandemic, and 91.5 percent are accelerating the digitization of work processes, while only 44.1 percent are implementing upskilling and reskilling programs. As companies increasingly rely on technology — and the use of technology — to complete essential business functions, displaced workers will face increasing demand for new, technology-based skills.

First-time beginning students looking to pursue post-secondary education tumbled this fall, showing a 16.1 percent decrease nationally when compared with last year’s figures, according to recently released data from the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. That decline was even worse at community colleges, down 22.7 percent compared to a 1.4 percent increase the previous year. All told, undergraduate enrollment is down 4.0 percent compared to the same time last year, while graduate enrollment saw a 2.7 percent increase, amounting to an overall college enrollment decrease of 3.0 percent as of Sept. 24. The decrease in enrollment continues a trend that was already evident prior to the pandemic in the U.S. The more surprising development may have been the drop in enrollment at the community college level, which typically increases during a recession. Similar patterns were evident in survey of enrollment managers and registrars by The Chronicle of Higher Education, which found that more than half of the two-year colleges reported that enrollments dropped by 10 percent or more. A story last month in the Washington Post noted that many community colleges…

In 2018, 5.8 million students at colleges and universities within the United States were either the children of first-generation immigrants or were immigrants themselves, which accounted for 28 percent of the total student population and was a noticeable increase from the 2.9 million enrolled in 2000. This data serves as the foundation of a new report from the Migration Policy Institute, Immigrant-Origin Students in U.S. Higher Education: A Data Profile, that explores the growing role first- and second-generation immigrants play within the nation’s higher education landscape. Within their study, Jeanne Batalova and Miriam Feldblum of the Migration Policy Institute explain that “the economic premium of higher education and life-long learning is likely to keep growing. The jobs of the future, shaped by automation, artificial intelligence, and other technological developments, will largely require a medium to high level of skills.” As the significance of higher education within the nation’s economy continues to grow, and the enrollment of first- and second-generation immigrants continues to grow along side it, the authors note that policymakers and higher-ed administrators…

The Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) announced $43.3 million for 51 projects in the region’s coal-impacted communities. More than half of the awards will support recovery-to-work efforts or broadband initiatives. To date, ARC has awarded over $238 million and supported 293 projects. Funding for the awards is made available through the POWER (Partnerships for Opportunity and Workforce and Economic Revitalization) Initiative, an initiative that aims to help communities and regions that have been affected by job losses in coal mining, coal power plant operations, and coal-related supply chain industries due to the changing economics of America’s energy production. Among the recipients of the awards is Catalyst Connection, an SSTI member. Their grant will be used to fund the REAL Jobs in Energy & Manufacturing project which will coordinate new workforce development activities across a 12-county region in southwestern Pennsylvania. A full list of this year’s awardees is available here.

In Washington and Brussels, lawmakers are increasingly vocal about expanding the application of antitrust rules within the tech sector. Recent activity includes a report from Democrats on the House antitrust subcommittee, the Trump administration preparing an antitrust suit against Google, and the European Union (EU) considering new antitrust rules following billions of dollars in fines to major tech companies. While much of these actions’ coverage focuses on how changes would affect the companies that are being targeted by these efforts, the impacts would affect the entire tech sector.

In a recently revised working paper from the Center for International Development at Harvard University, the contemporary rise of populism is explained in a new light, that of unfair economic outcomes, often in the form of low social mobility. In his paper Social Mobility Explains Populism, Not Inequality or Culture, Harvard Growth Lab’s Eric S. M. Protzer explores the close correlation between areas of low social mobility and those that have experienced a rise in populist thinking. Noting that “the realities of populist movements are threatening long-standing democratic institutions and practices,” Protzer points to Hungary and Turkey as examples of countries that have descended into authoritarianism after electing populists early on. He suggests that populism be confronted to ward off similar trajectories in other nations, and that to do so its roots must be understood.   While other hypotheses have focused on wealth inequality or cultural disparities as reasons behind the rise of populism, Protzer writes that neither are as geographically linked to the growth of populism as the lack of social mobility, and he presents empirical evidence to support the…

Utah and Maryland have climbed the ranks and moved into third and fourth place behind two long-standing leaders in the Information Technology and Information Foundation’s (ITIF) State New Economy Index. The index measures states’ structural capacity for successfully navigating a global economy that is increasingly driven by technological innovation. ITIF’s recent release of the updated 2020 index and state rankings provides a long-term picture of how several states have been strengthening their economies for the future.

With the continuing development of efficient technologies, energy consumption may drop 60 percent by 2050 while continuing to provide decent living standards, according to a new study. Research by the University of Leeds, published as Providing Decent Living with Minimum Energy: A Global Scenario in Global Environmental Change, developed a roadmap for lowering worldwide energy usage. The study found that global energy usage could fall over 60 percent from today’s levels through a combination of “the most efficient technologies available and radical demand-side transformations that reduce excess consumption to sufficiency-levels.” In the report, the Leeds researchers modeled four possible futures of global energy use: Decent Living Energy (DLE) where energy consumption trends and advancing technologies have lowered global consumption while maintaining decent living standards; Higher Demand (HD) where goals of lowering consumption have been replaced by higher energy demand; Less Advanced Technologies (LAT) where technological innovations have not been supported; and, finally, a combination of the HD and LAT scenarios. In the Less Advanced Technology model, global…

The venture capital (VC) market appears to be another part of the American economy experiencing a "K-shaped" recovery, with some participants achieving new highs as others are ignored altogether. The PitchBook-NVCA Venture Monitor Q3 2020 shows that the number of VC investments is on track to meet last year’s total (when estimated deals are included, as the report for the first time acknowledges the tendency to systematically miss more recent deals), while deal value is on track for the highest total ever recorded. Similarly, VC firms in total have raised more through Q3 2020 ($56.6 billion) than in all of 2019 ($54.9 billion). This overall success is accruing predominantly to existing VC participants. Startups receiving their first investments have dropped to a historic low at less than a quarter of all deals, and firms raising their first funds account for just 3.3 percent of all capital raised (half of the previous record, set in 2008). Black entrepreneurs may again be among those left out of the market’s success, as a recent analysis of Crunchbase’s Q3 2020 data found that just 37 black entrepreneurs closed VC deals in the quarter (out of more than 1,300 VC…

The Economic Development Administration’s Office of Innovation and Entrepreneurship (OIE) has announced $25 million for the Scaling Pandemic Resilience through Innovation and Technology (SPRINT) Challenge utilizing funding from the CARES Act. EDA is seeking applications from organizations working to address the economic, health and safety risks caused by the coronavirus pandemic through entrepreneurship and innovation. This national competition is designed to support the development, creation, or expansion of programs that accelerate technology-based economic development (TBED) in pursuit of vibrant, innovative economies and economic growth, and respond to the challenges caused by the coronavirus pandemic.  A total of $25 million will be available and applications should focus on activities that will increase regional competitiveness through new product innovation or new technology adoption, improve the commercialization of research, enhance the overall innovation capacity and resilience of a region, and/or leverage regional competitive strengths to overcome challenges inhibiting innovation and job creation due to the coronavirus pandemic. Applicant…