entrepreneurship

This research paper contrasts the effects of two factors in determining the rate of entrepreneurial activity across different regions: entry costs and local environment. The cost of starting a new business does not seem to be a factor in creating clusters of industry activity, however, knowledge spillovers and learning opportunities seem to be strong agents for growth.

This paper tests the hypothesis whether or not entrepreneurship is an important vehicle for knowledge flows and economic growth. The empirical results indicate that an increase in innovative start-up activity is more effective than an increase in general entrepreneurship for economic growth.

Michigan scored a "D" overall in the 2005-2006 Entrepreneurhsip Scorecard. The scorecard is grounded in contemporary theories of economic growth that, taken together, identify four major factors that affect growth, including innovation, human capital, investment capital, and entrepreneurship.

This report presents the results from a survey study of opinion and knowledge about entrepreneurship among the general public and small business owners in Nebraska. The Gallup Organization surveyed 2,460 members of the general public in Nebraska and 555 owners of Nebraska small businesses that had one hundred or fewer employees.

This National Venture Capital Association study reports that immigrants started two out of every five venture-backed tech companies since 1990. The authors argue that the US must increase the number of visas available to highly-skilled workers in order to maintain its competitive edge.

This paper reveals the importance of a local entrepreneurial university in interfacing competitive advantages, by assuming the condition of most influent and dynamic engine of regional development. In the authors example of the Beira Interior region of Portugal, the University assumes a fundamental role in the design and in the promotion of the proposed set of strategic actions, including the promotion of regional innovation.

This paper describes an educational experiment that illustrates the research and development investment incentives facing firms when technological spillovers are present. The experiment involves two stages in which sellers first make investment decisions then production decisions. The exercise can be used to motivate discussions of research joint ventures, the free-rider problem, collusion, and antitrust policy regarding research and development.

This report investigates the impact of ownership on firm productivity. The authors empirical results suggest that during the 1980s in India industry level factors largely explained variations in entry rates, but that, following the economic federalism brought about by the post-1991 reforms, variations entry rates during the 1990s were explained largely by state level institutional and legacy factors.

The authors construct a data set by industry by state by ownership for establishments in the United States using 1987 and 1992 U.S. Census and Bureau of Economic Analysis matched data to investigate the relationship between foreign ownership and wages. They find evidence that foreign-owned establishments pay higher wages in manufacturing, retail trade, and other relatively low-skill industries, but not in other higher-skill industries. A growth in the fraction of employment in foreign establishments was not significantly associated with an increase in overall wages.

The authors measure the marginal impact of adding business training to a Peruvian village banking program for female microentrepreneurs. Treatment groups received thirty to sixty minute entrepreneurship training sessions during their normal weekly or monthly banking meeting over a period of one to two years. The treatment led to improved business knowledge, practices and revenues. The microfinance institution also had direct benefits through higher repayment and client retention rates.