According to final estimates from the Office of Technology Policy’s U.S. Corporate research and development (R&D) data series, R&D investment rose sharply in current dollars from $146.3 billion in 1999 to $164.5 billion in 2000 or an increase of 12.4%. The report provides data on nine “major sectors” and at the sub-sector level, 46 “detailed industries,” based on the North American Industry Classification System.
The report establishes a connection among research and development intensity, patenting, technological change and economic growth. Two-digit SIC code industry data from U.S. manufacturing between 1963-1988 is used. The report suggests that policy makers may conclude from this research that efforts to increase the role of research and development in an economy will have a significant economic impact.
The report presents evidence to suggest that an important measure of an apparent geographic localization of research and development spillovers may be an artifact of industrial agglomeration. The largest spillovers are found to flow between firms in the same industry.
The report outlines the research and development plan for the state of Arkansas as outlined and approved by the Arkansas Science and Technology Authoritys Board of Directors. Five main research areas of strategic importance are outlined.
The report from the National Science Board indicates dramatic increases in research and development (R&D) investments during the past decade, largely from industry, have contributed to U.S. standing as a global economic power. The U.S. had $244.1 billion in R&D investments in 1999, an increase of nearly $33 billion from 1997, the report shows. In addition, the U.S. accounts for 44 percent of the total worldwide investment in R&D — an amount equal to the combined total of Japan, the United Kingdom, Canada, France, Germany and Italy.
The California Technology Trade and Commerce Agency report offers California state and regional policymakers a county-by-county analysis of research and development trends. California ranks first in both university and industrial research and development. Forty-four billion dollars worth of research is conducted annually in the state.
The National Science Foundation Info Brief outlines trends over 30 years in federal and non-federal support for academic research and development (R&D). The brief reports that while federal spending for academic R&D grew by an inflation adjusted 180 percent between 1972 and 2000, the findings reveal federal support played a diminishing role compared to non-federal sources, which grew by nearly 350 percent during the period.
The National Science Foundations Info Brief found the 20 states with the least total research and development (R&D) expenditures increased their share of the total pot in 1999 to 5 percent. The lowest 20 states captured only 4 percent of the nations R&D investment.
The European Commission presented its strategy to respond to the Barcelona European Councils call to raise research spending to 3 percent of the European Unions average Gross Domestic Product by 2010. The report states that Japan already has achieved the 3 percent level and the U.S. is coming closer and that coordinated action at European, national and regional levels is necessary to make Europe more attractive to business investment in research and development.
This study relies upon a twelve-year panel of output, employment and investment for Swedens 285 municipalities, together with data on the location of university researchers and students, to estimate the effects of exogenous changes in educational policy upon regional development. It finds important and significant effects of this policy upon output and productivity, suggesting that the economic effects of the decentralization on regional development are economically important.