r&d

The paper develops a quality-ladder growth model with overlapping generations, which evaluates the positive and normative implications of research and development (R&D) subsidies and compares them with the effects of public education policy to promote R&D.

The authors investigate how different types of merger affect input prices, research levels and equilibrium profits in vertical market structures when there is research activity in the upstream market that spills over to the downstream retailers.

The paper studies the combination of the scale and technological effects of opening markets to international trade by means of a dynamic model where there is a possibility to invest in research and development (R&D) while supposing the existence of positive marginal social cost of public funds. The authors suggest that opening markets to foreign competitors may increase pollution and always decreases the social welfare.

The paper presents empirical evidence on firms’ decisions to cooperate in R&D and the extent to which government sponsored R&D programs increase cooperation. Using a sample of firms from the Spanish innovation survey, the authors jointly estimate the determinants of firm participation in R&D programs and of choice of cooperation partners.

The paper explores the relationship between the price elasticity of demand and the research and development (R&D) intensity of the product. The authors introduce the concept of R&D intensity into a standard Dixit-Stiglitz/Krugman-type setting, and R&D activity is treated as a fixed cost of production. Within this framework, sectors with a higher R&D intensity show a lower price elasticity of demand.

The paper examines research and development (R&D) tax incentives in oligopolistic markets. The author sets up a simple game-theoretical model to identify the conditions under which the tax incentives serve as a tool to reach the socially desirable level of firm-financed R&D spending.

The authors empirically examine reports of positive and equivalent research and development (R&D) spillovers across groups of countries by extending both the time span and the coverage of R&D activities in the data set. Findings indicate that the elasticity of total factor productivity with respect to domestic and foreign R&D stocks is extremely heterogeneous across countries and that data cannot be pooled.

Using an original panel data set comprised of over 300 leading Japanese R&D-performing firms, the authors seek to measure changes in the connection between science and Japanese industrial technology by using data on the citations to scientific articles appearing in the U.S. patents of these firms.

The authors use a newly constructed panel dataset of firms that are publicly traded in France, Germany, and Italy. They find that the relative shadow value of research and development (R&D) in France and Germany is remarkably similar both to each other and to that in the U.S. or the United Kingdom. During the same period In contrast, R&D in publicly traded Italian firms is not valued by financial markets on average.

The authors find that under takeover threats, target firms may nevertheless increase R&D investment in order to signal their compatibility with the acquiring firm.