SSTI Digest

The co-locating of researchers, donated equipment, and capital are recent examples of key elements provided by private-sector partners to help accelerate technology commercialization. In the past month, leaders from universities and nonprofit organizations across the country have announced new efforts to expand research capacity and bring more products to market by launching innovative centers in collaboration with corporate partners.

University-industry alliances often are credited with helping build regional innovation ecosystems with successes cited in new company formation, high-tech job creation and a better trained workforce, among others. Often times, companies look to leverage their R&D activities with complementary initiatives taking place at local universities. So is the case in Burlington, MA, where a new innovation center aimed at accelerating the commercialization of basic research is the product of a partnership between Northeastern University and Rogers Corporation.

Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary Ernest Moniz is leading a restructuring of the department's management, reorganizing programs and undersecretary positions to better align with the operational goals of supporting President Obama's Climate Action Plan, an "all of the above" energy strategy, and strengthening nuclear security. The move will create an Under Secretary for Management and Performance, merge the energy and science programs, and consolidate the department's defense waste cleanup efforts.

In a memo addressed to employees and released to The Hill, Moniz cited the need "to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of departmental operations." The reorganization reflects changes suggested by Turning the Page: Reimagining the National Labs in the 21st Century Innovation Economy, a joint report released by ITIF, the Center for American Progress, and the Heritage Foundation.

During this year’s legislative sessions, several states looked toward creating, providing support for or redesigning programs that help incentivize businesses to hire and mentor student interns. In an effort to spur rural internships, Minnesota lawmakers approved a new tax credit program to support internships for students in greater Minnesota. In North Dakota, lawmakers committed $1.5 million to their Operation Intern program, while Nebraska lawmakers updated their Intern Nebraska grant program to provide students with a high-quality internship experience. Rhode Island Gov. Lincoln Chafee signed a bill that will allow high school students (16 years and older) to engage in pre-apprenticeship, apprenticeship and internship experiences during school hours in approved manufacturing career and technical programs.

A number of states recently have taken action to expand R&D tax credits and other legislation that would support innovation, commercialization and manufacturing. Hawaii, California, Maryland, Texas, and Florida have signed into law tax incentives and R&D tax credits and an R&D tax credit in New Hampshire went into effect.  The Maine legislature also passed a capital tax credit that will begin in 2014.

In late June, the Maine Senate and House passed LD 743, which will extend the Maine Seed Capital Tax Credit. The original tax credit program was created in 1989 with a $30 million cap. This extension will provide an annual cap of $5 million in tax credits to qualifying investors, beginning in 2014. “A tax credit certificate may be issued to an investor other than a private venture fund in an amount not more than 50 percent of the amount of cash actually invested in an eligible Maine business in any calendar year,” according to the bill. The business invested in must be “a manufacturer or a producer of a value-added natural resource product.”

States across the U.S. are directing their attention to science, technology, education and technology (STEM) education, and already have passed a plethora of new initiatives in the current legislative session.  These programs are directed at various levels of education including primary education and higher education, with one program specifically designated for the state’s community colleges. A number of states have created STEM advisory councils under the governors’ offices, following the lead of Iowa and Massachusetts. Such measures suggest that STEM is no fleeting policy issue and that states are beginning to recognize the economic value of making long-term investments in students.

At the close of many recent legislative sessions, states across the country moved to strengthen their high-tech workforce while supporting industry cluster development.

A continued trend toward improved fiscal conditions gave rise to targeted and riskier investments in research for several states this legislative session. In particular, lawmakers dedicated funds for life sciences research and for initiatives aimed at commercialization through partnerships with higher education and the private sector. Other states dedicated additional funds to expand promising research and technology-focused initiatives already underway.

As many state legislative sessions wind down, a clearer picture of the current direction of state innovation policies is emerging. This week’s SSTI Weekly Digest presents a few of the major trends in technology-based economic development initiatives approved by state legislatures during their most recent sessions. While this review is not meant to be comprehensive, it should illuminate the shifts states are making to refine their investments in the high-tech economy by providing smarter, more targeted support.

Over the past few months, the Digest has reported on several major capital access initiatives, transparency efforts and agency reorganizations that have made headlines amid a slow economic recovery and renewed attention to accountability in economic development.

While other stories in this issue will examine some of the trends in legislation that previously have gone unreported in the Digest, several major legislative efforts have appeared in earlier issues, but represent other intriguing developments in state innovation policy.

Between FY03-11, the U.S. Department of Treasury's Community Development Finance Institutions (CDFI) Fund supported $26.4 billion in private investment through the New Market Tax Credits (NMTC) program, according to data released by the fund. The CDFI Fund helps economically distressed communities leverage private investment capital by offering investors a federal tax credit. During its first nine years, participating Community Development Entities (CDE) leveraged their NMTC allocations to invest in 3,499 projects related to real estate, business development, microenterprise finance and other purposes in mostly low-income communities.

In order to participate in the NMTC program, a qualified investor must be certified as a CDE by the CDFI Fund. The fund then awards an allocation of tax credit authority for that CDE, which can be used to support Qualified Equity investments (QEI) in distressed communities. The CDE must then report information about its investments to the fund within six months after the end of the fiscal year. As of this year, the CDFI Fund has awarded allocations to 749 CDEs, totaling $36.5 billion in tax credit authority.

A central tenet in the understanding of regional economic clusters is the idea that the closer two actors are to one another, the more likely they are to collaborate. This belief is based on decades of research done to examine knowledge spillovers and the effect of spatial proximity on tacit knowledge sharing. In a recent article, however, Jasjit Singh of INSEAD and Matt Marx of MIT differentiate the varying effects of crude distance on knowledge sharing compared to the effects of geopolitical borders. Despite the explosion of the Internet and advancement in communication, borders still matter.

The rapid proliferation of accelerators world-wide has raised questions about whether this model is viable and sustainable. Though many accelerators have been founded and funded by private investors, accelerators are now getting a public boost on both sides of the Atlantic. The European Commission and the U.S. Small Business Administration are both becoming involved in the accelerator phenomenon, perhaps representing an expanded role for national (and quasi-national) public support for accelerators.

The European Commission recently announced the launch of Startup Europe's Accelerator Assembly. The Accelerator Assembly is an offshoot of the Startup Europe initiative, which works to encourage Internet entrepreneurs to start and grow business in Europe.

Oregon lawmakers unanimously approved a bill (HB 3472) that instructs the state's Higher Education Coordinating Commission to design a pilot program to evaluate a new college funding system known as "Pay It Forward." Under the proposed model, students would commit a percentage of their future incomes to repay the state, instead of paying tuition or taking out traditional loans to attend community colleges and universities. The bill currently awaits the signature of Gov. John Kitzhaber.